| GUIDELINE TARGET (or personalized goal) | ||
| A | A1C targets | A1C ≤7% If on insulin or insulin secretagogue, assess for hypoglycemia and ensure driving safety |
| B | BP targets | BP <130/80 mmHg If on treatment, assess for risk of falls |
| C | Cholesterol targets | LDL-C <2.0 mmol/L |
| D | Drugs for CVD risk reduction | ACEi/ARB (if CVD, age ≥55 with risk factors, OR diabetes complications) Statin (if CVD, age ≥40 for Type 2, OR diabetes complications) ASA (if CVD) SLGT2i/GLP1ra with demonstrated CV benefit (if have type 2 DM with CVD and A1C not at target) |
| E | Exercise goals and healthy Eating | 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity/ week and resistance exercises 2-3 times/week Follow healthy dietary pattern (i.e. Mediterranean diet, low glycemic index) |
| S | Screening for complications | Cardiac: ECG every 3-5 years if age >40 OR diabetes complications Foot: Monofilament/Vibration yearly or more if abnormal Kidney: Test eGFR and ACR yearly, or more if abnormal Retinopathy: yearly dilated retinal exam |
| S | Smoking cessation | If smoker: Ask permission to give advice, arrange therapy and provide support |
| S | Self-management, stress, other barriers | Set personalized goals (see “individualized Goal Setting” panel) Assess for stress, mental health, and financial or other concerns that might be barriers to achieving goals |
Category Tags: General Tips, Management, For Health-care Providers;